Gilbert Clement Gray

Gilbert Gray (see below or click image for source and acknowledgements etc., ref. Image 1).

Gilbert Gray (see below or click image for source and acknowledgements etc., ref. Image 1).

Gilbert Clement* Gray was born in 1885, son of the inspiring Newmarket GP Clement Frederick Gray. His grandfather Frederick Clement Gray had founded the Newmarket dynastry of medical Grays (which also included Gilbert’s younger brother Norman too). Their grandfather Frederick died in 1888, so Gilbert’s memories of him as a 3 year old would have been limited, yet it’s interesting to consider how Frederick’s life choices impacted on Gilbert’s life considerably.

Gilbert grew up in Lushington House, where the family had lived and practised since their arrival at Newmarket in 1866. After boarding school in Felstead, Essex, and medical school in London (Barts, where both his father and grandfather had been) he settled in practice at Newmarket following at least one House Job at the Royal Free Hospital in London.

It’s not completely clear when Gilbert Gray returned to Newmarket to practise. He qualified in 1908 with the Conjoint Diploma LRCP MRCS (see The history of medical treatments, training, qualifications and regulation). He gave Lushington House as his address in the 1909 Medical Register, and might have finished his house jobs that year and returned to Newmarket. However, the Medical Directory of 1910 suggests that he was still doing a house job in London at that stage. Certainly by 1911 though, on the census of that year, he’s shown aged 25 in practice with his 64 year old father, both described as ‘Medical Practitioner’, but ‘Worker’ and ‘Employer’ respectively. Interestingly his brother Norman was at home on the day of the census, a ‘medical student’ (it might have been the Easter holidays?) – see an image of this on the page about the Grays. The following year Gilbert initially expressed an interest in taking on his father’s long held Newmarket Union roles, but for some reason did not apply in the end. Despite retiring from these poor law roles his father continued in practice more generally, the business being known as Gray and Son until Norman joined them; then from 1916 they were known as Gray and Sons, plural. A Newspaper report in 1917 stated that there was ‘probably no man in New-market who is held in such general affection and esteem as Dr. Gray, sen. [i.e. Clement Gray]; and his sons have already gained both the confidence and the high regard of a very large section of the townspeople.’ The First World War obviously interrupted things at that point, and Gilbert became a Captain in the Royal Army Medical Corps. It’s known that he was stationed in Turkey for at least some of the war, and became renowned amongst the locals for his skill at ‘pulling teeth’! However, whilst serving there at Gallipoli he was invalided by a severe bout of malaria. Later during the war he covered for Sidney Winslow Woollett during the latter’s time away on military duties. Gilbert Gray published a paper during the war years in the Lancet in 1918, but regarding cases from 1917 in Newmarket. Interestingly, this paper indirectly reveals that the demographics of the practice at that time were much the same as today (town and village, rich and poor, young and old – very well mixed – see details in the references below).

In 1912 Gilbert married Irene Noel Walker (known as ‘Rene’). She was his second cousin, a granddaughter of Emma Maria Gray, the sister of Frederick Clement Gray, who had married a Walker (see the Grays). This is likely the point at which he moved out of Lushington House; he’s recorded at Brackley House from 1913. Norman Gray is recorded there too from 1916. It seems they both lived there. It’s possible it functioned as a branch surgery of Gray and Sons too, GPs tending to work from their premises in those days, and the house having previously been used by John Hansby Maund. However, from 1920 Norman listed Lushington House as his address in the Medical Directory, as did Gilbert from 1922, likely reflecting a change from recording their residential address to business address. It’s known that later Gilbert and Rene lived at a house called Grasmere in The Avenue, although he never gave that address in the Medical Directory (but he did in the 1925 Kelly’s directory, as his private residence).

In 1921 the Grays purchased Godolphin House and grounds. This was obviously part of a plan (see details in the references below). Part of the grounds were used to build Alton House, which was allegedly the first purpose build GP surgery in the country (and named after the Gray family’s place of origin). Plans were submitted in 1924, and by 1926 Norman and Gilbert were listing Alton House as their address in the Medical Directory (and for Norman it was a home too). Interestingly so was a Dr Harold Hendley listing Alton House at that time, all three calling themselves ‘Gray(s) and Hendley’ (see an image on the page about Alton House Surgery, showing Harold Hendley’s entry). Clement Gray appears to have retired at that point, not giving any address or business name (having recorded ‘Gray & Sons’ the year before), when Harold Hendley was recorded at Lushington House. So this, is seems, was the birth of Alton House Surgery, a partnership between the Grays and, as time went on, increasing numbers of other partners (eventually evolving into The Rookery Medical Partnership). During Gilbert Gray’s time this included Jimmy McNeill from 1932 (one of the six who moved to the Rookery in 1974), and various others (a couple of whom might have been employed rather than partners – see the page on Alton House Surgery for details).

Gilbert Gray’s house on the Isle of Mull, with inset showing a view from the house (see below or click image for source and acknowledgements etc., ref. Image 2).

Gilbert Gray’s house on the Isle of Mull, with inset showing a view from the house (see below or click image for source and acknowledgements etc., ref. Image 2).

In 1945 the government was elected that introduced the National Health Service Act of 1946**. These events apparently prompted Gilbert Gray’s ‘early’ retirement in 1946, to become a sheep farmer on the Isle of Mull. Perhaps his exodus foresaw the bricks without straw climate that would emerge? He lived on Mull for many years until after the death of Rene in 1962. They had no children. Their nephew, Colin Walker (son of Rene’s brother Wilfred), was a partner at Alton House Surgery then The Rookery Medical Centre from 1949 to 1975. Gilbert Gray spent his final years living in a hotel at Newbury, Berkshire, where he died in 1972 in his late 80s. Interestingly his gt gt grandfather, Joseph Gray, had been the Mayor of Newbury in the late 18th century (see the Grays re. family history).

* Clement Frederick Gray’s paternal grandmother, Mary Anne Clement, was the daughter of Thomas Clement and Jane White. The surname White had been used as a middle name on several occasions in subsequent generations, and Clement had an aunt called Jane White Gray. Apparently he wanted to name is son Gilbert White Gray, but the Browns (Clement’s mother was Sophia Gray née Brown) insisted that if the Whites were included the Browns should be too. Gilbert would then have been called Gilbert White Brown Gray! So they went for Clement instead (perhaps that’s why middle names were avoided altogether with his brother Norman Gray?!).

** The NHS started in 1948, but the Act was introduced in 1946. 

 

Image sources and acknowledgements:-

Image 1: From a private collection (cropped); image ©, reproduced with kind permission of Andrew Thomson, a grandson of Norman Gray. 

Image 2: From a private collection (cropped and edited); images ©, reproduced with kind permission of the Gray family descendants. 

Note: see comments regarding images and copyright © etc. on the Usage &c. page as well. 

Relevant references in chronological order

1885, 12th June: Gilbert Clement Gray, son of Clement Frederick (surgeon) and Eleanor, Lushington House, baptised at All Saints’, Newmarket. Reference: Microfiche of Newmarket All Saints’ parish register (fiche 13), (Suffolk County Record Office, Bury St Edmunds).

1888, 17th May: ‘DEATH OF DR. F. C. GRAY… He leaves a widow and family to mourn his loss, the latter including Dr. C. F. Gray, the well-known surgeon of this town.’ Reference: The Newmarket Journal. Saturday May 19 1888: 5. [Note: see the page on Frederick Gray for full details.]

1889, 18th July: Norman Gray, son of Clement Frederick (surgeon) and Eleanor, (The Terrace, Newmarket), baptised at All Saints’, Newmarket. Reference: Microfiche of Newmarket All Saints’ parish register (fiche 13), (Suffolk County Record Office, Bury St Edmunds).

1891, 5th/6th April: Gilbert C. Gray born in Newmarket, Suffolk, aged 5, ‘scholar’ living at Lushington House, High Street, Newmarket, together with his father (Clement F. Gray, ‘General Medical Practitioner’, aged 44), mother (Eleanor Gray, aged 35), brother (Norman Gray, aged 1), paternal grandmother (Sophia Gray, aged 67) and several servants. Reference: The National Archives, 1891 census.

1901, 31st March / 1st April: Gilbert G. Gray born in Newmarket, Cambs, aged 15, in a boarding school at Felstead, Essex. Reference: The National Archives, 1901 census. [Note: his parents and 11 year old brother Norman were in Newmarket.]

1909: ‘GRAY, Gilbert Clement… Lushington house, Newmarket…’ Reference: The Medical Register. London: General Medical Council; 1909.

1910: ‘GRAY, GILBERT CLEMENT, Lushington House, New-market (Nat.Tel.8) – M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P.Lond. 1908; (St. Bart.); Ho. Surg. Roy. Free Hosp.’. Reference: The Medical Directory. London: Churchill; 1910. [Note: he does not appear in the 1909 Directory. From 1913 he gave his address as Brackley House, then as Lushington House again from 1922, and Alton House from 1926. Likely he changed from giving his residential address to practice address in 1922.]

1911, 2nd/3rd April: Gilbert Clement Gray born in Newmarket, aged 25, ‘Medical Practitioner’ ‘Worker’, living in Lushington House, High Street, Newmarket, together with his father (Clement Frederick Gray, ‘Medical Practitioner’ ‘Employer’, aged 64), mother, brother (Norman Gray, ‘Medical Student’, aged 21) and two servants. Reference: The National Archives, 1911 census. [Note: this reference has special significance for talkingdust.net. In the spring of 2013 all I knew about the medical history of Newmarket was that many years ago our practice had been ‘on The Terrace up the other end of the High Street’ and that several of the doctors had been called Gray, all from the same family. I knew none of their first names. An 83 year old patient ended our consultation with the interesting aside that she’d been a patient of the practice since she was born. Interested I asked who the doctor had been when she was a little girl and she replied ‘Dr Norman Gray’, emphasizing the Norman, for obvious reasons. Fascinated by this I sent a message out to all staff, wondering whether anyone knew of a longer standing patient (subsequently we found several in their 90s). A few days later a receptionist showed me a copy of this 1911 census entry that she’d found. The obvious thing to do was to look further back in the same house – the digging had started and talkingdust.net is the result!], [Note also, see the page on the Grays for an image.]

1912, 24th August: Gilbert C Gray married Irene N Walker at Epping (3rd quarter 1912). Reference: Transcription of England and Wales marriages 1837-2005 (online database, not image), www.findmypast.co.uk (accessed 26th August 2017). [Note: subsequent correspondence with descendants of the Grays confirmed that this was on 24th August.]

1912, 22nd October: Clement Gray resigned from his Newmarket Union roles and Gilbert sent the following letter dated 21st October (recorded in the minutes of the meeting on 22nd): ‘Gentlemen / As my father is resigning his appoint-ments shortly, I thought I might let you know that I intend to become an applicant for the Number one district + workhouse of the Newmarket Union. I have the double qualification + was house surgeon + after-wards Senior Resident to one of the Large London Hospitals. Since then I have been three Years with my father + have helped him in the work of these posts, thereby gaining a good insight into the duties of a medical officer’. Reference: 611/42, Newmarket Union minutes, (Suffolk County Record Office, Bury St Edmunds). [Note: after this initial expression of interest in filling these roles, Gilbert Gray did not apply, and they were filled by John Hansby Maund (District 1) and Ernest Crompton (Workhouse). Reference: 611/42 (17th December 1912). Sidney Winslow Woollett was the only other applicant, who was already Medical Officer for District 2.]

1915:GRAY, Norman, Lushington House, Newmarket – B.A. Camb. 1912; M.R.C.S,,[sic] L.R.C.P. Lond. 1914; (St. Bart.)[sic]’. Reference: The Medical Directory. London: Churchill; 1915. [Note: from 1916 Norman gave his address as Brackley House, like Gilbert (see 1910 reference above), with Clement, Gilbert and Norman all describing themselves as Gray and Sons (see Gilbert’s entry below). In 1920 Norman was back listing Lushington House (possibly changing to listing his practice address), until 1926, when Gilbert, Norman and Hendley (see 1925 and 1926 entries below) start listing Alton House (Gray and Hendley). It appears Clement might have retired in 1926, since he stopped listing Gray and Sons or any other roles (the Rous Memorial Hospital but not the Newmarket Union having been mentioned in 1925). It’s not until 1928 that his entry actually mentions ‘retired’ though – see below.]

1915, 20th April: ‘Gray + Son’ mentioned in the Newmarket Union minutes in receipt of some medical fees. Reference: 611/43, Newmarket Union minutes, (Suffolk County Record Office, Bury St Edmunds). [Note: there are later such references too, there being one for Gray + son on 27th July 1915, then the plural Gray + sons appears on 8th February 1916 (although there are a couple of entries using the singular a couple or few years later, likely in error). Reference: 611/43-44.]

1916: ‘GRAY, Gilbert Clement, Brackley House, New-market, (Gray&Sons; Tel.69) – M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P. Lond. 1908; (St.Bart); Surg. Rous Memor. Hosp.; Capt. R.A.M.C., T.F.; Mem. B.M.A.; late Ho. Surg. Roy. Free Hosp.’. Reference: The Medical Directory. London: Churchill; 1916.

1917, 3rd March: ‘DR. GILBERT GRAY, eldest son of Dr. C. F. Gray, of Newmarket, has been gazetted Captain in the R.A.M.C. He served at Gallipoli, and was invalided through a very severe attack of malaria’. Reference: The Newmarket Journal. Saturday Mar 3 1917: 2.

1917, 3rd March: Death of brother Norman’s wife reported in the paper, at Brackley House, including the remarks, ‘There is probably no man in New-market who is held in such general affection and esteem as Dr. Gray, sen. [i.e. Clement Gray]; and his sons have already gained both the confidence and the high regard of a very large section of the townspeople.’ Reference: The Newmarket Journal. Saturday Mar 3 1917: 3. [Note: see the pages on Norman Gray and The Grays for more detail.]

1917, 10th March: An article in a different local newspaper about the death of Norman Gray’s wife (see the reference above) mentioned, ‘Early in the war Dr. Gilbert Gray, who has been assisting his father in his large and important practice, felt impelled to go and do his “bit,” and he was soon on the way to Gallipoli, where on the shell-swept peninsula he, careless of any risk, carried out his medical duties in the Medical Sec-tion. Often under fire, and sharing the ter-rible hardships of the many gallant fellows there, he stayed tending the sick and wound-ed, until he too was stricken with malaria. Still, he stuck to his work, until his physical powers were so reduced that he had to be compelled to leave on the hospital ship. When he reached this country Captain (Dr.) Gilbert Gray was so changed from the malaria that his parents did not recognise him. For over a year he has been nursed back to health by a devoted wife and parents, and is gradually shaking off the disease’. Reference: The Bury Free Press. Saturday Mar 10 1917: 6.

1917, 24th July: ‘A letter was read from Dr S.W. Woollett stating that he had again taken up Military duties and that Drs C.F. Gray and C.G. Gray [sic] would carry out his duties as District Medical Officer during his absence.’ Reference: 611/43, Newmarket Union minutes, (Suffolk County Record Office, Bury St Edmunds).

1917, 13th November: Clement and Gilbert Gray wrote to the Newmarket Union about the many difficult and trying midwifery cases that they were attending in poor people, often in the middle of the night, having been called by the midwife for help, knowing that there was hardly any possibility of being paid, and suggesting that this was the Newmarket Union’s responsibility. On 11th December a system of midwifery fees under such circumstances was agreed. Reference: 611/43, Newmarket Union minutes, (Suffolk County Record Office, Bury St Edmunds).

1918: Published in the Lancet, ‘Note on an outbreak resembling epidemic catarrhal jaundice in England’. He reports that during ‘the four months August to November, 1917, I attended in my private practice over 70 patients who appeared to suffer from a complaint somewhat resembling epidemic catarrhal jaundice’, adding some interesting remarks revealing something of the practice demographics, ‘All quarters of the town were equally affected, but surrounding villages suffered little. Rich and poor were attacked equally, and adults and children…’ After some case reporting, specific and general, he concludes with the comment, ‘I have not mentioned treatment as nothing seemed very satisfactory, and the best I could do was to treat the symptoms as they arose.’ Unfortunately he does not mention how he did that. Reference: Gray GC, The Lancet 1918;191(4936):503.

1921, 30th September: Conveyance of Godolphin House from Capt. E. F. E. Hammond to C. F. Gray. Reference: In collection RH114/013, (Cambridgeshire County Record Office [called Cambridgeshire Archives], Cambridge – subsequently relocated to Ely). [Note: I originally saw this collection at a solicitors’ office in London thanks to the Directors of the Lushington House Investment Company (see the page on Lushington House), and subsequently arranged for it to be deposited in the Cambridgeshire Archives where it now has this reference number.], [Note also, it appears that following this purchase the property was divided into three sections. The eastern part of the building remains as Godolphin House today (on the corner of The Avenue), the western part was sold to The Freemasons, whose Lodge is still there today (details of this transaction and a diagram of their section are in RH114/013), and the original garden of Godolphin House was added to the Lushington House property. Then the Grays built Alton House in part of this new extended garden of Lushington House. – see the page on The Grays for a maps showing this as well.]

1924, 12th March: Plans for Alton House. A notice with the plans reveal that they were for Dr C. F. Gray, Lushington House, Newmarket, and described as ‘Home with surgeries etc. attached’. There are three sheets of diagrams/drawings, all labelled ‘House High Street Newmarket for Dr. Gray’. Upstairs contained the bedrooms and bathroom etc. Downstairs in the main house were four rooms (kitchen, drawing room, dining room and interestingly ‘waiting room’). A corridor past the waiting room led into the main surgery area, which consisted of another waiting room, a dispensary, two consulting rooms and a mysterious, surprisingly large, ‘electrical room’ (19 1/2 feet by 10 feet). Reference: EF506/6/1/19/666, (Suffolk County Record Office, Bury St Edmunds). [Note: see the page on Alton House Surgery for an image.]

1925:HENDLEY, Harold Jas. Holbein, Lushington House, Newmarket, Suffolk – M.R.C.S. Eng., L.R.C.P. Lond. 1921; (St. Bart.); late Res. Med. Off. Jenny Lind Hosp. Childr. Norw.; Ho. Surg. & Intern. Midw. Asst. St. Bart. Hosp.’. Reference: The Medical Directory. London: Churchill; 1925.

1925: Under ‘Newmarket’… then  ‘Private Residents’… ‘Gray Clement Frederick, Lushington house. T N 336 / Gray Gilbert Clement, Grasmere, The Avenue / Gray Norman, Alton house, High st / Hendley Harold James H., B.A. Alton house, High street. T N 8’… then under ‘Commercial’… ‘Gray Clement Frederick M.R.C.S.Eng., L.S.A. surgeon, & medical officer to the Newmarket & Moulton Joint Hospital Board, Lushington house, High st. T N 336 / Gray Gilbert Clement M.R.C.S.Eng., L.R.C.P.Lond. surgeon (firm, Grays & Hendley), Alton house, High street. T N 8 / Gray Norman M.A., M.D., B.Ch., M.R.C.S.Eng., L.R.C.P.Lond. surgeon (firm, Grays & Hendley, Alton house, High street. T N 8 / Grays & Hendley, surgeons, Alton house, High st. T N 8 / Hendley Harold James H., B.A., M.R.C.S.Eng., L.R.C.P.Lond surgeon (firm, Grays & Hendley), Alton house, High street. T N 8’. Reference: Kelly’s directory of the Counties of Cambridge, Norfolk, Suffolk & Essex (with coloured maps) 1925-6. London: Kelly’s Directories Ltd.; 1925, pg 201-210. [Note: Norman Gray lived at Alton House as his private residence as well as it being the surgery. It appears Harold Hendley perhaps lived there too, unless he was giving his work address in both parts of the directory?]

1926:HENDLEY, Harold Jas. Holbein, Alton House, New-market, Suffolk (Grays & Hendley; Tel. Newmkt. 8) – M.R.C.S. Eng., L.R.C.P. Lond. 1921; (St. Bart.); late Res. Med. Off. Jenny Lind Hosp. Childr. Norw.; Ho. Surg. & Intern. Midw. Asst. St. Bart. Hosp.’. Reference: The Medical Directory. London: Churchill; 1926.

1928:GRAY, CLEMENT FREDK. (retired), Newmarket, Cambs. (Tel. 59) – M.R.C.S.Eng. & L.S.A. 1870; (St.Bart) Author, “Case of Cæsarian Section in which Mother Survived,” Brit. Med. Journ. 1883.’. Reference: The Medical Directory. London: Churchill; 1928.

1930, 31st December: ‘NOTICE is hereby given that the Partnership which has for some time past been carried on by Harold James Hendley, Gilbert Clement Gray and Norman Gray, under the style of GRAYS AND HENDLEY, at Newmarket, in the county of Suffolk, in the practice of General Medical Practitioners, was this day dissolved under a power for that purpose contained in the Partnership deed, and that in future the said practice will be carried on by the said Gilbert Clement Gray and Norman Gray, in partnership – As witness our hands this thirty-first day of December, one thousand nine hundred and thirty.’ Reference: The London Gazette. Jan 30 1931; Issue 33685: 704.

1943, 16th January: ‘Death of Dr. C. F. Gray… who passed away at his residence, Lushington House, High Street, Newmarket, on Saturday. He had attained the great age of 96 years, and had been in feeble health for a considerable time. / Dr. C. F. Gray was the son of the late Dr. Frederick Clement Gray, of this town, who died in 1888, and, after obtaining his medical qualifications, joined his father in practice. For some-thing like 60 years he had the largest medical practice in New-market and district, his patients including people of all classes, from some of the highest in the land down to the poorest mem-bers of the community. He was… medical officer for the Newmarket Isolation Hos-pital from the date of its open-ing until he was succeeded in that office, several years ago, by one of his sons, Dr. Norman Gray… Dr. Gray married, over 60 years ago, Miss Eleanor Rowley. Born at Wolverhampton, she came to Newmarket about 63 years ago to reside at All Saints’ Vicarage [she is recorded as the housekeeper on the 1881 census – aged 25]… In his married life Dr. Gray was singularly happy. He and his wife were kindred spirits in the fullest sense of the term… Mrs. Gray died on June 29th, 1929. Their two sons, Dr. Gilbert Gray and Dr. Norman Gray, both en-tered their father’s profession, and, upon gaining their qualifica-tions, joined him in practice… Several years ago Dr. Gray retired and handed over the practice to his sons, by whom, with their partners, it is now carried on. During the last few years of his life, Dr. Gray was practically confined to his house… his death leaves a gap which can never be filled… The funeral took place on Wednesday… The principal mourners were Dr. Gilbert Gray and Dr. Nor-man Gray (sons)…’ Reference: The Newmarket Journal. Saturday Jan 23 1943: 7. [Note: see the page on Clement Frederick Gray for more details from this report.]

1947: Memorial ‘REMEMBER / CLEMENT FREDERICK GRAY / BELOVED PHYSICIAN / FORTY YEARS CHURCH WARDEN / AND ELEANOR HIS WIFE / SERVANTS OF JESUS CHRIST / THIS PULPIT WAS DEDICATED / BY THEIR SONS / 1947’ [ / indicates new line]. Reference: Carving inside the pulpit of All Saints’ church, Newmarket (from a photograph taken by myself 24th November 2013). [Note: see the page on Clement Frederick Gray for a later image.]

1947: ‘GRAY, Gilbert Clement (retired), Carsaig, Isle of Mull, by Oban, Argyllsh.- M.R.C.S. Eng., L.R.C.P. Lond. 1908; (St.Bart); late Ho. Surg. Roy. Free Hosp. ; Capt. R.A.M.C., T.’ Reference: The Medical Directory. London: Churchill; 1916. [Note: the 1946 directory shows him still in Newmarket.]

1971: Gilbert’s last entry in the Medical Directory, records him living at 121 Andover Rd., Newbury, Berkshire. Reference: The Medical Directory. London: Churchill; 1971. [Note: apparently he lived in a hotel there, so perhaps this was a hotel?]

Some other sources consulted include:-

Honan RF. The Gray Matter. Adelaide: Lutheran Publishing House; 1987. [Note: this book charts the Gray family from old family records going back to 1437! and includes lots of detail regarding Australian branches descending from Frederick Clement Gray’s brothers, but it does include a small section on the Newmarket medical Grays, including pictures of Alton House and Lushington House taken in 1985. I have used this source for the wider Gray family structure, and it’s the source of the comment regarding Gilbert’s name (pg 43).]

Newmarket Union Minutes 1912-1919. Reference: 611/42-611/44, (Suffolk County Record Office, Bury St Edmunds).

Personal correspondence with living descendants of the Grays, especially Andrew Thomson, a grandson of Norman Gray.

Shops History Newmarket. http://www.newmarketshops.info/index.html. [Note: newmarketshops.info has been supplied with information regarding the medical history of Newmarket by the author of talkingdust.net since August 2013 (see footnotes on some of the pages). Both websites continue to be developed, and in this sense are mutually symbiotic.]

Re: Suffolk Medical Biographies. Profile for Gray, Gilbert Clement. http://www.suffolkmedicalbiographies.co.uk/Profile.asp?Key=1765 (originally accessed pre October 2013). [Note, at the time of writing (July 2017), this website had very little on Gilbert Clement Gray, just two references], [Note also, see comments regarding this website on the Francis Greene page.] 

The Medical Directory. London: Churchill; 1910ff. [Note: see above references for full 1910, 1916 and 1947 entries, and information from his 1971 entry (and Norman 1915; Hendley 1925&26; Clement 1928).] [Note also, this publication has been known by various titles over the years. Initially it just covered London, but from 1847 it had a wider remit, being variously known as the London and Provincial Medical Directory, The Medical Directories, The Medical Directory, etc., essentially the same work with minor variations and developments. It is usually referred to as The Medical Directory (as opposed to The Medical Register), so that is how it’s consistently referred to on talkingdust.net.]

The Medical Register. London: General Medical Council; 1909ff. [Note: Gilbert Clement Gray is recorded as having been registered from 13th November 1908.]

Note: For published material referenced on this website see the ‘Acknowledgements for resources of published material’ section on the ‘Usage &c.’ page. The sources used for original unpublished documents are noted after each individual reference. Any census records are referenced directly to The National Archives, since images of these are so ubiquitous on microfilm and as digital images that they almost function like published works. Census records are covered by the ‘Open Government Licence’ as should be other such public records (see the ‘Copyright and related issues’ section on the ‘Usage &c.’ page for which references constitute public records, and any other copyright issues more generally such as fair dealing/use etc.).